The fuel injection system is in direct interaction with the engine management system. For more information, see chapter 6.
Air intake subsystem
The elements of this subsystem include the air cleaner, intake air ducts, throttle body and intake manifold.
When the engine is idling, the composition of the air-fuel mixture is controlled by the idle air supply system. This system includes the PCM unit and the valve through which air flows in this mode. This system serves to control the air flow behind the throttle valve, which enters the intake manifold, resulting in an increase or decrease in engine speed in this mode. The PCM unit receives impulses from sensors (sensor for vehicle speed, coolant temperature, air conditioning system activation, power steering mode, etc.), and based on these signals, the engine speed is automatically adjusted depending on its operating mode and driver actions. The design and principle of operation of the air valve of the idle speed maintenance system are described in chapter 6.
Emission Control and Engine Management System
These systems are described in chapter 6.
Fuel supply subsystem
This subsystem consists of the following elements: fuel pump, fuel pressure regulator, fuel receiver and injectors.
The fuel pump is electrically driven. Through the fuel intake, gasoline enters the pump, passes through the shut-off valve, enters the fuel filter and is supplied to the fuel receiver and injectors. Constant pressure in the injectors is maintained due to the presence of a fuel pressure regulator. From the regulator, excess gasoline is directed back to the tank through the fuel outlet line.
The solenoid type needle injector body contains a solenoid valve, a plunger and a needle valve. When voltage is applied to the solenoid valve winding, the needle valve rises and fuel under pressure is sprayed from the tip. The amount of fuel injected is determined by the period of needle raising (period of voltage supply to the solenoid valve winding).
The fuel pump relay is located in the distribution block, which is located in the engine compartment. Pulses are sent from the RSM to the relay winding, and the fuel pump is turned on. If the PCM is NOT receiving signals from the camshaft or crankshaft position sensor (when the engine does not run and does not start), the fuel pump relay turns off.