Determining the causes of engine malfunctions This subsection contains recommendations for identifying the causes of the most common faults. which may arise during vehicle operation. Malfunctions and their...
Engine electrical system 16 Battery does not hold charge 1. Low electrolyte level or battery discharge ( Chapter 1 ). 2. The presence of corrosive deposits on the battery terminals or...
Fuel system 19 Increased fuel consumption is noted 1. Air filter clogged ( Chapter 1 ). 2. Failure of emission control system elements ( chapter 6 ). 3. Malfunction of...
Cooling system 21 There is insufficient engine cooling 1. Reduced level of coolant in the system ( Chapter 1 ). 2. Incorrect adjustment or damage to the coolant pump drive...
Automatic transmission Note: due to the complexity of the automatic transmission design, diagnosing and repairing it is beyond the capabilities of an amateur mechanic. If...
Transfer case (all-wheel drive models) 31 Does not switch to the desired range 1. Failure of the selector switch ( see chapter 7B ). 2. Failure of the control unit ( see chapter 7B ). 3. Lack of or...
Cardan transmission 35 The appearance of transmission oil drips in front of the propeller shaft Failure of the gearbox or transfer case oil seal ( chapter 7 ). Also inspect the...
Vehicle axles 39 Noise noted 1. Road noise. No action should be taken. 2. Tire noise. Inspect and check pressure ( Chapter 1 ). 3. Wear or damage to rear wheel bearings (...
Half shafts (four-wheel drive) 42 The presence of clicks is noted Damage or wear to the outer CV joint ( see chapter 8 ). 43 Vibration occurs when speed increases 1. Excessive wheel...
Brake system Note: Before deciding whether there is a problem with the brake system, make sure that the tires are not worn out and that their pressure is correct ( see...
Suspension and steering 52 The vehicle is pulled to the side 1. Tire pressure difference ( Chapter 1 ). 2. Tire failure ( Chapter 1 ). 3. Excessive wear on suspension or steering...