Accumulator battery
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| The battery is empty. The starter does not crank the engine or cranks slowly. Lamps burn dimly | |
| The car has not been used for a long time | Charge the battery with a charger or in another car |
| When the engine is off, many consumers of electricity are working (sound system head unit, etc.) | Reduce the number of consumers running on batteries |
| Loose alternator drive belt | Pull up the belt |
| Damage to the insulation of electrical circuits, leakage of current on the surface of the battery | Check leakage current (no more than 11 mA with disconnected consumers), clean the surface of the battery. Watch out, acid! |
| Faulty generator | See Generator Troubleshooting |
| Short circuit between plates («boiling» electrolyte, local battery heating) | Replace battery |
Generator
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| The indicator for lack of battery charge is on. The voltage of the vehicle's on-board network is below 12.0 V (checked by tester) | |
| Loose alternator drive belt | Pull up the belt |
| Faulty voltage regulator | Replace voltage regulator or alternator assembly |
| Damaged rectifier diodes | Replace rectifier unit or alternator assembly |
| The connection of the terminals of the field winding with slip rings is broken, short circuit or open circuit in the winding | Solder leads or replace alternator rotor or alternator assembly |
| An open or short circuit in the stator winding, shorting it to «mass» (generator howls when closed) | Check the winding with an ohmmeter. Replace stator or generator assembly |
| The voltage of the vehicle's on-board network is higher than 15.0 V (checked by tester) | |
| Damaged voltage regulator | Replace voltage regulator or alternator assembly |
| Generator noise | |
| Damaged alternator bearings (squeal, howl). The noise remains when the wires are disconnected from the generator and disappears when the drive belt is removed | Replace bearings or alternator assembly |
| Short circuit in the stator winding (howl). The noise disappears if you disconnect the wires from the generator | Replace stator or generator assembly |
| Short circuit in one of the diodes | Replace rectifier unit or alternator assembly |
| The low battery warning light does not come on when the ignition is turned on. Control devices do not work | |
| The fuse F11 of the mounting block in the passenger compartment has blown | Find out and eliminate the cause of the burnout. Replace fuse |
| Open circuit «ignition switch - instrument cluster» | Check the wires from the ignition switch to the mounting block and from the mounting block to the instrument cluster |
| Ignition switch contacts not closing | Check the contact closure with a tester. Replace contact part or switch assembly |
| The low battery indicator does not light up when the ignition is turned on and does not light up when the engine is running. The voltage of the vehicle's on-board network is below 12.0 V | |
| Wear or sticking of the brushes, oxidation of the slip rings of the rotor | Replace the brush holder with brushes, wipe the rotor rings with a clean rag soaked in gasoline, or replace the generator assembly |
| Damaged voltage regulator | Replace voltage regulator or alternator assembly |
| Faulty rectifier unit | Replace rectifier unit or alternator assembly |
| The connection of the wire with the output of the brush holder is broken | Reconnect the wire to the brush holder terminal |
| Soldering the field winding leads from slip rings | Solder leads, replace alternator rotor or alternator assembly |
Lighting and light signaling
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| The lamps of the block headlights, lanterns do not burn | |
| Bulb filament burnt out | Replace lamp |
| Blown fuse | Check the circuit protected by the blown fuse for a short to «mass», replace the fuse |
| Relay contacts are oxidized, relay windings are burned out, switches are faulty | Clean contacts, replace relays, switches |
| The turn signal indicator flashes at double the frequency | |
| One of the turn signal bulbs burned out | Replace burned out lamp |
| The turn signal switch lever does not return to its original position, the steering column switch lever does not lock | |
| Clamps broken, springs missing | Replace faulty switch |
| Fogging headlight lens | |
| Water penetrates between the housing and diffuser, cracks in the diffuser | Seal gaps with sealant, replace cracked lens or headlight |
| Water got in from the engine compartment | After removing the lamp, remove the water. Cover the headlights when washing the engine compartment |
Windshield wiper and washer
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| The cleaner motor does not work, the f18 fuse protecting the cleaner circuit in the mounting block is OK | |
| Damaged wires, oxidized or loose ends | Crimp lugs, replace faulty wires |
| Steering column switch malfunction | Replace faulty purifier switch |
| Defective gear motor | Replace gear motor |
| Break in the motor armature winding | Replace gear motor |
| The cleaner motor does not work, the f18 fuse for protecting the cleaner circuit in the mounting block is blown | |
| Brushes stuck to glass | After turning off the cleaner, carefully separate the brushes from the glass, check the integrity of the rubber scraper, restore the mobility of the brush joints |
| Wiper brushes touch body parts | Check the correct installation of the levers, straighten the deformed levers or replace the cleaner |
| Short circuit in the motor winding | Replace gear motor |
| Wiper motor not intermittent | |
| Faulty purifier relay | Replace relay |
| Steering column switch faulty | Replace faulty switch |
| Wiper motor does not stop intermittently | |
| Faulty purifier relay | Replace relay |
| The petals of the limit switch are poorly pressed against the gear of the gear motor | Bend the contact petals of the limit switch |
| Limit switch contacts oxidized or burnt | Clean the contacts or replace the purifier gear motor |
| Brushes stop at random position | |
| Loose crank nut on axle | After installing the crank correctly, tighten the nut |
| The contact petals of the limit switch are poorly pressed against the gear of the gear motor | Bend the contact petals of the limit switch |
| Brushes run out of sync | |
| Loose fastening of the lever of one of the brushes on the shaft | Install the brush in the desired position and tighten the arm fastening nut |
| Wiper motor runs but brushes do not move | |
| The crank nut on the gear shaft of the motor-reducer is loose | After installing the crank correctly, tighten the nut |
| Chipped gear teeth | Replace gear motor |
| Windshield washer pump motor not working | |
| Blown fuse F18 in the mounting block | Replace defective fuse |
| Damaged wires, oxidized or loose ends | Crimp lugs, replace faulty wires |
| Steering column switch malfunction | Replace faulty purifier switch |
| Faulty windshield washer pump | Replace windshield washer pump |
Rear window heating element
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| Individual filaments of the heating element do not heat up | |
| Thread break | Repair the wires of the heated rear window element with a special conductive product or replace the rear window with a heated element |
| Not a single thread of the heating element heats up | |
| Faulty switch, relay, rear window heating fuse, damaged wires, badly connected tips, disconnected contact from the glass heating element | Faulty switch, relay, fuse, wires replace. Clean, crimp the tips. Replace glass with heating element |
Heater
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| Heater fan motor does not work | |
| Faulty fuse, wires, oxidized or loose wire lugs | Crimp and strip the tips, replace faulty wires, fuse |
| Wear, freezing of the motor brushes, open or short circuit in the armature winding, oxidation or wear of the collector | Replace motor |
| Faulty switch | Replace Switch |
| Heater fan motor does not run at low speed | |
| Burnt auxiliary resistor | Replace resistor |
| Faulty heater switch | Replace Switch |
Signaling devices and devices
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| Coolant temperature gauge or fuel gauge not working | |
| Bad pointer | Replace Pointer |
| Faulty sensor | Replace pointer sensor |
| Damaged wires, oxidized or loose ends | Crimp lugs, replace faulty wires |
| The fuel reserve indicator is constantly on | |
| Faulty sensor resistor | Replace fuel gauge sensor |
| Warning lights do not light up | |
| Blown fuse | Replace fuse |
| Burnt out indicator lamp | Replace lamp |
| Corresponding sensor of the signaling device is faulty | Replace alarm sensor |
| Damaged wires, oxidized or loose ends | Crimp lugs, replace faulty wires |
| Speedometer not working | |
| Faulty speed sensor | Replace speed sensor |
| Faulty speedometer | Replace speedometer |
| Tachometer not working | |
| Damaged instrument cluster power circuits, tachometer control circuit | Crimp lugs, replace faulty wires, instrument cluster |
| The ECU does not output a signal to the tachometer | Replace faulty ECU |
| Faulty tachometer | Replace tachometer |
Sound signal
| Cause of malfunction | Elimination Methods |
| The horn does not work | |
| The signal is faulty, its switch, relay, the fuse is blown, the wires are damaged, their tips are oxidized or poorly connected | Strip, crimp the tips of the wires. Faulty signal, switch, relay, wires, blown fuse - replace |
| Weak, hoarse signal sound | |
| The signal is faulty, the wires are damaged, their tips are oxidized or poorly connected | Adjust the sound by turning the screw on the signal housing. Strip, crimp the tips of the wires. Faulty signal, switch, wires - replace |