Steering elements must not be mechanically damaged.
To check the free play of the steering wheel (steering play) set the front wheels in a position corresponding to the rectilinear movement of the car.
We attach a screwdriver with a long rod to the instrument panel with tape so that its blade is directed towards the steering wheel. Turn the steering wheel until the wheels turn (while the wheels must remain stationary) first to one side and then to the other side.
At the same time, at the moments when the wheels begin to turn, with chalk or thread, we mark the boundaries of the free play of the steering wheel on its rim.
By measuring the distance between the marks, we determine the free play of the steering wheel, which should not exceed 5° (corresponds to a distance between marks of 15 mm) provided that the steering gear, steering rods, front wheel hub bearings and telescopic struts are in good condition.
With a sharp turn of the steering wheel from side to side at a small angle, we are convinced that there is no knock in the steering mechanism. Otherwise, we tighten the loose fastenings of the steering elements or replace the faulty parts and assemblies.
An assistant is required to assess the condition of the ball joints of the outer tie rod ends. We hang out the front wheels and securely fix the car on factory-made stands.
The assistant, holding the wheel, shakes it in a horizontal plane - several times in turn sharply pulls the back of the wheel towards himself, and the front part away from him, and vice versa.
At the same time, with a hand..
... to the body of the ball joint of the outer tie rod end and the steering knuckle lever, we evaluate their mutual movement.
If free play is felt in the ball joint, the outer tie rod end must be replaced.
You also need to replace the outer tie rod end if the tip pivot boot is torn.
Check the condition of the steering gear covers.
If the covers have lost their elasticity, cracked or torn, they must be replaced.
To check the power steering on a stationary vehicle, turn the steered wheels 1-2 times to the extreme positions with the engine off and then with the engine running.
Comparing the efforts applied to the steering wheel in both cases, we can conclude that the hydraulic booster is working (a serviceable hydraulic booster during engine operation significantly reduces the force applied to the steering wheel).