Possible starter malfunctions, their causes and remedies
| Cause of malfunction | Remedy |
| When the starter is turned on, the armature does not rotate, the traction relay does not work | |
| Faulty or completely discharged battery | Charge or replace the battery |
| The battery terminals and wire lugs are heavily oxidized or the lugs are loose | Clean terminals and wire lugs, tighten and lubricate with petroleum jelly |
| Interturn short circuit in the retracting winding of the traction relay, shorting it to «mass» or break | Replace traction relay |
| Open in the power circuit of the starter traction relay | Check the wires and their connections in the circuit between the plugs «50» starter and ignition switch |
| The contact part of the ignition switch is faulty | Replace the contact part of the ignition switch |
| Traction relay armature sticking | Remove the relay, check the ease of movement of the armature |
| Commutator burning, brushes sticking or wear | Clean manifold, replace brushes |
| When the starter is turned on, the armature does not rotate or rotates too slowly, the traction relay trips | |
| Faulty or discharged battery | Charge or replace the battery |
| The battery terminals and wire lugs are oxidized, the lugs are loose | Clean terminals and wire lugs, tighten and lubricate with petroleum jelly |
| The fastening of the tips of the wire connecting the power unit to the body is loosened | Tighten the wire lugs |
| The contact bolts of the traction relay are oxidized or the nuts for fastening the wire lugs on the contact bolts are loosened | Strip the contact bolts, tighten the wire fastening nuts |
| Commutator burning, brushes sticking or wear | Clean manifold, replace brushes |
| Open or short in armature winding | Replace anchor |
| When the starter is turned on, the traction relay is repeatedly activated and disconnected | |
| Discharged battery | Charge your battery |
| Breakage or short circuit in the holding winding of the traction relay | Replace traction relay |
| A large voltage drop in the power supply circuit of the traction relay due to strong oxidation of the wire tips | Check the wires and their connections in the circuit from the battery to the plug «50» starter |
| When the starter is turned on, the armature rotates, the flywheel does not rotate | |
| Freewheel slip | Replace clutch |
| Drive gear does not engage with flywheel ring gear (noise is heard, wear on the teeth of the flywheel of the engagement part) | Replace drive or flywheel |
| Starter noise during armature rotation | |
| Excessive bearing wear (armature shaft bushing) | Replace bearings or starter covers |
| Loose starter or broken cover on drive side | Tighten mounting nuts or replace drive side starter cover |
| Damaged gear teeth or flywheel ring | Replace drive or flywheel |
| Gear does not disengage from flywheel | |
| Seizure of the coupling on the splines of the drive shaft | Clean the splines and lubricate them with engine oil |
| Traction relay armature sticking | Replace traction relay or eliminate jamming |