Suspension Diagnostics General diagnostics Faults in steering, suspension, tires and wheels can manifest themselves in the operation of several systems. When diagnosing, pay...
Adjustment of wheel mounting angles Wheel alignment suspension collapse Angle of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation Convergence steering Steering angle Support Corner front -0.55° ±...
Diagnosis of malfunctions of the front shock absorber Insufficient suspension strut resistance Checks operation, action Check tire pressure. Adjust the air pressure in the tires to the value indicated on the tire...
Location of front suspension components Front suspension 1. stabilizer bar 2. Front stabilizer 3. Frame 4. Lever arm 5. Stand support 6. Upper spring isolator 7. Upper spring cup 8. Buffer with hole...
Telescopic front suspension strut Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose. 2. Remove the cover and nuts from the top of the rack. 3....
Front stabilizer bar Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose. 2. Loosen the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the...
Front suspension arm Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose. Leave the levers hanging freely. 2. Remove the wheel. See...
Steering knuckle, front wheel hub Withdrawal procedure 1. Remove the wheel. 2. Remove the hub nut. 3. Remove the outer tie rod. See Part 6C. The steering mechanism with the amplifier. 4....
Frame, front suspension stabilizer bar Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose and remove the wheels. 2. Remove a dirt-protective casing...
Front Suspension Arm Ball Joint Disassembly order 1. Remove the lower suspension arm. See section in this part «Front suspension arm» . 2. Install the suspension arm in a vise or suitable...
Telescopic rack of a forward suspension bracket assy Necessary equipment J-42991 Rack Stem Nut Attachment or Equivalent J-45400 Strut Spring Remover or equivalent Disassembly order 1. Install the telescoping pole...
Rear Suspension Diagnosis Check for excessive friction Check for excessive friction in the rear suspension, proceeding as follows: 1. With the help of another mechanic, raise the...
Location of rear suspension components Rear suspension 1. Support 2. stabilizer bar 3. Front stabilizer 4. Spring travel buffer 5. Upper spring cup 6. coil spring 7. Lower spring cup 8. Rear shock...
Wheel Bearing/Hub — Rear Withdrawal procedure 1. Remove the rear brake caliper assembly and disc. See Part 4E. Rear brakes. 2. On vehicles with all-wheel drive, remove the wheel drive...
Rear suspension support Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove tires and wheels. See Part 2E. Tires and wheels. 3. Remove muffler and resonator...
Rear suspension knuckle Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove tire and wheel. See Part 2E. Tires and wheels. 3. Remove the wheel bearing/hub...
Upper arm rear suspension Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the bolts securing the trailing arm bracket to the body. 3. If equipped, remove the...
Lower arm rear suspension Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove tire and wheel. 3. Remove the nut securing the stabilizer link to the lower control...
Rear stabilizer bar Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the stabilizer bar. 3. Remove the stabilizer...
Rear stabilizer bar insulator Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the stabilizer bar clamp bolts. 3. Remove the insulators from the stabilizer bar....
Rear shock absorber Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the lower shock absorber mounting bolt. 3. Remove the upper shock absorber mounting...
Rear coil spring/insulators Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove tire and wheel. Important: Hold the strut with a wrench while removing the nut. 3....
Trailing arm rear suspension Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the bolts securing the trailing arm bracket to the body. 3. Remove the nut and bolt...
Trailing arm bracket Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the parking brake cable clip from the trailing arm. 3. Remove the bolts securing the...
Spring travel buffer Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the coil spring. See section in this part «Rear coil spring/insulators» . 3. Remove...
Rear suspension toe lever Withdrawal procedure 1. Raise and place the vehicle on stands. 2. Remove the nut and bolt securing the toe lever to the steering knuckle. 3. Remove the nut and...
General description and operation of tires and wheels Wheel and tire balancing There are two types of tire balancing: static and dynamic. Static balance is the uniform distribution of mass around the circumference...
Tire size and air pressure Tire pressure at full load Tires Wheel front Rear kPa psi inch kPa psi inch 215/70R 16 6.5J x 16 (steel / alloy) Normal 235/60R17 Normal 7Jx17 (alloy) 207...
Diagnosis of wheel failures Wheel runout Measure wheel runout with an accurate dial indicator. Measurements can be taken without removing the wheels from the vehicle, or by removing them...
Removal and installation of a wheel Withdrawal procedure 1. Remove the wheel cover (only for steel wheel). 2. Loosen the wheel nuts. 3. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for...
Wheel balancing without dismantling from the car On-vehicle balancing will help reduce vibrations caused by imbalances in the brake disc and wheel housing. Note: Do not let the front suspension hang out. If...
Wheel and tire repair Porosity of alloy wheels Such repair of disks for which welding, heating or forging is not allowed. 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided...